12 Must-Know Guggenheim Museum Facts

 Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao

Guggenheim Museum at a Glance

Guggenheim Museum has proven to be the most significant structure of Wright's late career. As a monument to modernism, the distinctive architecture of the space, together with its spiral ramp traveling to a domed skylight, today still excites visitors and offers a fine forum for the showcase of contemporary art.

Located in Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain, Guggenheim Museum is a modern and contemporary art museum. Former King Juan Carlos l inaugurated it on October 18, 1997. This complex, which comprises interconnected structures, was designed by architect Frank Gehry, from Los Angeles. Learn about it by reading my list of must-know facts before you visit.

12 Must-Know Guggenheim Museum Facts

1.  The entire museum encompasses a total area of 24,000 square meters, of which 11,000 square meters are used for exhibition purposes.

2.  It was initially opened as a collaborative venture between the Basque regional administration and the Guggenheim Foundation.

3.  The building is constructed of limestone, titanium, and glass. It actually has no flat surfaces.

4. The museum gets a huge number of visitors each day.

5.  The museum hosts both temporary and permanent displays of works by international and Spanish artists.

6.  This structure represents an outstanding sample of the most cutting-edge 20th-century architecture.

7.  The museum itself is one of architect Frank Gehry's most celebrated works.

8.  Also, it was originally part of an urban renewal program that the Basque regional government created.

9.  The total expenditure of constructing this massive structure was $89 million American dollars. 

10.  It's the most famous of the three museums which the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation runs permanently.

11.  While the museum peaks at around 53 meters in height, the highest walkway is 26 meters from the ground, rendering the top half of wall space inaccessible. If this part of the museum were eliminated, there would still be enough wall space to showcase all the artwork!

12.  Although the exterior is chaotic, the view of the walkways from the atrium harmonize with Frank Wright's Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York. This similarity is seemingly the single design feature uniting the two vastly different museums.

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La Sagrada Familia: 18 Fascinating Facts You Must Know

La Sagrada Familia, Barcelona

La Sagrada Familia at a Glance

The Sagrada Familia has grown famous for superbly representing Antoni Gaudi's unique style, which combines elements of Art Nouveau, Catalan Modernism and also Spanish Late Gothic design. The theme of nature dominates symbolically and figuratively in Gaudi's design.

La Sagrada Familia is truly an extraordinary church situated in Barcelona, Spain. The architect responsible for designing this masterpiece is Antoni Gaudi, who has a number of world-famous gems scattered all over Barcelona but lacking La Sagrada Familia's fascinating background. Here's my list of incredible facts you must know before visiting this magnificent work of art.

La Sagrada Familia: 18 Fascinating Facts You Must Know

1.  It has been in the State of Construction for more than a hundred years!

Its construction project first started in 1882. But when Gaudi died untimely in 1926, just one-fourth of the basilica saw completion. Even though he devoted his last years to the project, everyone realized it would never see total completion in his lifetime. By now, it's thought of as entering its final phase of construction and estimated to be fully completed by the year 2026.

2.  The Structure has Consumed More Time to Build Than Imagined

Although 150 years is surely a very long time to construct anything, ponder on this: by the time La Sagrada Familia gets finished, it'll have taken a longer time-period to erect than any of the Egyptian Pyramids.

3.  A School Used to Exist Here

During the beginning of the construction of La Sagrada Familia, Gaudi went so far as to build a school nearby, named the Sagrada Familia Schools building, which was intended for the construction workers' children to attend as their fathers labored day and night constructing one of Europe's most outstanding structures. Designed and built in 1909, this school now serves as an exhibition, along with the Sagrada Familia.

4.  It All Started with One Bookseller and an Architect

Josep Bocabella, while visiting the Vatican, wanted to see a church similar to Italian ones, to be constructed in Spain. Financed via private donations, initial construction began in 1882, supervised by the architect Francisco Paula de Villar. If the project went on under him, La Segrada Familia would surely have ended up being just another Gothic revival church. But, he turned in his resignation a year later and then Antoni Gaudi took charge. With just the apse crypt finished, Gaudi dramatically modified the plans giving the world today's La Sagrada Familia.

5.  Computers are Speeding up its Construction

When construction started towards the end of 1800, there existed zero computers to help with the enormous project. Builders and designers had to use paper sketches to accurately piece together this huge structure. But thanks to modern technology, progress advances fast.

6.  It Earned a UNESCO World Heritage Status

Despite being still far off from seeing total completion, La Sagrada Familia received UNESCO World Heritage designation in 1984 due to its exceptional architecture and the architect's talent for creating something so artistic and novel.

7.  It Went from a Humble Church to a Basilica

When construction was initiated, La Sagrada Familia was assumed it would be an ordinary Roman Catholic church. But some time later, it grew in status as a cathedral. And finally, Pope Benedict XVI announced it to be a basilica in 2010, the greatest honor it can possibly receive, in religious terms.

8.  All of the Eighteen Towers are Important

When it's finished, it'll have no less than 18 towers, 12 representing the apostles, four the evangelists, one the Virgin Mary, and the tallest one in the center, Jesus Christ. Today, only eight towers stand.

9.  The Founding Father is Buried Here

La Sagrada Familia houses Antoni Gaudi's tomb, who suffered the fate of dying after getting run over by a tram. Situated in the structure's underground level, tourists can visit the tomb. Four chapels surround the tomb which is kept in the chapel devoted to the El Carmen Virgin.

10.  People have Attempted to Destroy it

During the Spanish Civil War in 1936, anarchists illegally entered the structure and lit the crypt on fire. Many significant construction-related materials were lost except for a few. At this point in history, the whole construction process was painfully slow. 

11.  The Controversial Facades

La Sagrada Familia has three facades. Gaudi finished the Nativity Facade. The Glory Facade and the Passion Facade were completed much later. But when the notable sculptures representing Jesus Christ on the cross were included in the Passion Facade, several people complained that since they were too abstruse, it subtracted from Gaudi's vision and style as an architect and artist.    

12.  Nature was a Major Influence on the Design

Despite the majority of churches and cathedrals having straightforward buildings, Gaudi thought that things must be constructed to resemble nature. He would actually experiment by hanging a heavy string from any ceiling to watch how arches would form naturally, and designed the structure's interior according to what he observed.

13.  The Height is Extraordinary

Upon completion, La Sagrada Familia will be Europe's highest religious structure. The main tower in the center will soar 170 meters into the sky. Although boasting a towering height, Gaudi held the firm belief that no man-made construction must ever try to rival God's work. So, it's no coincidence that such a masterpiece's height will not tower above Montjuic, Barcelona's mountain and the city's tallest point; it will be one meter less.

14.  Elevators Inside

If you know how narrow the towers are, you may wonder how elevators got installed in the first place. Willy Wonka made elevators that take tourists from the structure's lowest to the highest parts. But when you leave them, you'll have to climb through narrow pathways and staircases to reach the towers so you could then enjoy lovely sights of the city.

15.  Pure and Geometric

Gaudi's design originally for the church was conceived with the forward thinking that all architects coming after him would better understand the drawings and resume the construction. In addition, he created models of the Glory Facade so future architects could base their designs in line with his vision. Also, knowing already that he wouldn't complete the church before he died, he arranged the construction to happen in stages; this was done to help other architects to come after him to contribute their own style to the church's design.

16.  Magic Square Found on the Passion Facade

The Passion facade hosts a 4x4 Magic Square which has been perplexing many people. One camp says the magic constant is 33, indicating Jesus Christ's age before his ascension. Another camp argues that 33 tells about Gaudi's Freemanson history. He appears to have kept the mystery of the magic square to himself, leaving us to speculate and come up with all sorts of theories.

17.  The Inherent Symbolism

Gaudi's structure is loaded with a lot of symbolism. Besides the religious ones, you ought to watch for two symbols, in particular. Look for the interior pillars which really resemble trees, and while looking up their shapes change often just as real trees do. Then, you'll see a turtle and tortoise carrying these pillars, symbolizing the sea and earth.

18.  Your Visit Helps its Progress

If you're considering visiting La Sagrada Familia some time in the near future, don't hold back. The 3 million visitors each year contribute financially to the project, for it costs about 25 million euros yearly. Because of your entrance payment of your visit, you could honestly claim that you've helped in the building of a hundred-year-old masterpiece.

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10 Amazing Facts & 15 Top Attractions on Kangaroo Island

Kangaroo Island, Australia

Kangaroo Island at a Glance

Although just 150 kilometers long, Kangaroo Island's landscape is packed with Australia's most varied and densest menagerie of wildlife.

If you don't know much about this small piece of South Australian paradise, read my list of amazing facts before scanning the list of 15 top attractions.

10 Amazing Facts & 15 Top Attractions on Kangaroo Island

1.  It's 7 times the size of Singapore at 4400 kilometers2. At its slenderest point it's only 900 meters wide.

2.  Flinders Chase National Park was founded in 1919, "as a bit of a sanctuary for those suffering from 'brain fag,' according to Samuel Dixon, the park's founding father.

3.  The kangaroos here are somewhat different from the Australian type; they are darker in color and have longer fur.

4.  The Remarkable Rocks lie on Kirkpatrick Point, given the name after an 1899 shipwreck survivor. The term originates from a genuine chart which described a few "remarkable rocks."

5.  There have been over 80 shipwrecks off Kangaroo Island since 1847. At least 19 ships have been wrecked since 1909.

6.  Tate's grass trees, called yaccas in South Australia, grow 0.5 to 2.5 mm a year. Only until 1997 their red resin was being harvested to manufacture a gum utilized in fireworks.

7.  What appear like stalactites at Admirals Arch really are fossilized roots.

8.  The Ligurian bees here are the last purest population in the world. The island was the Earth's first bee sanctuary, set up in 1885.

9.  The island ought to be called I'lle Decres, for a French adventurer Boudin published the first map of Kangaroo Island back in 1811.

10.  The last three lighthouses were constructed in 1909, which include Cape Borda, Cape du Couedic, and Cape Willoughby. 

15 Top Must-See Attractions on Kangaroo Island 

Here's my list of attractions to see while visiting this island.

1.  Hanson Bay Wildlife Sanctuary

2.  Raptor Domain

3.  Seal Bay

4.  A Walk Back in Time Trail

5.  Admirals Arch

6.  Bales Beach

7.  Christmas Cove

8.  Cygnet River

9.  Kelly Hill Caves

10.  Parndana Soldier Settlement Museum

11.  Old Wisanger School

12.  St. Albans Church

13.  Strawbridge Point

14.  The Wallaby Track

15.  Cape Willoughby Heritage Trail

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12 Top Must-See Attractions on the Great Ocean Road

 Great Ocean Road

Great Ocean Road at a Glance

The Australian coastal journey which stretches 240 kilometers along the south-eastern coast of Australia between two Victorian cities, Allansford and Torquay, is famous for its rugged natural beauty, surfing culture, shipwreck stories, often changing and dramatic landscapes, and stunning views.

Constructed in the 1930s in order to offer jobs for returning soldiers during the Great Depression, the entire road represents both an extraordinary engineering achievement and a memorial to everyone who died in World War l.

Although the Great Ocean Road is reduced only to 100 kilometers starting from Melbourne, allowing it to be visited in one short day trip, to truly sample all the attractions and scenery, and to find many of the road's concealed treasures, try to spare 3 or 4 days to fully explore the coast.

Fun things to do while taking the Great Ocean Road range from surfing the best breaks in the world, roaming along windswept beaches, observing Aussie wildlife in reserves and parks, exploring beautiful seaside towns to enjoying helicopter trips across the rugged coast.

To learn what top attractions you do not want to miss during your long coastal journey, use my list. I have left the best for last.

12 Top Must-See Attractions on the Great Ocean Road

1.  Visit Port Campbell National Park

While here, see the notable Twelve Apostles--seven majestic rock spires project from the pounding surf. Enjoy incredible views as you stand along sea cliffs. 

This extent of coastline is known as the "Shipwreck Coast" because of the several ships meeting their fate when crashing into these rugged shores.

Also, do not miss two rock formations called Island Archway and London Bridge, living evidence to the ceaseless erosion of the natural area; in 1990, a portion of London Bridge collapsed into the sea, and the Island Archway in 2009 crumbled away.

Only a brief drive from Island Archway you'll find The Grotto, a cave and blowhole; here, you'll notice the water glowing golden as the sun sets. Only little hikes let you explore further the scenery and even history of this renowned coast.

2.  Hopetoun Falls

As the most beautiful waterfall along the Great Ocean Road, Hopetoun Falls is truly worth the 500 meter walk down the staircase to see this natural wonder up-close; it's a symmetrical plunge before cascading right below the viewing platform. 

Know that the roads are not intended for large vehicles and caravans.

3.  Loch Ard Gorge

Loch Ard Gorge is a great scenic spot to see while on the Great Ocean Road. It's a protected, sandy beach snuggled among cliffs.      

Waves sometimes make their way via the gorge and end up onto the beach when the swell is up. But when it grows calm, the inlet transforms into glassy, turquoise blue. Since tour groups frequent this place throughout the day, avoid the crowds by timing your visit for either sunset or sunrise.

4.  The Redwoods, Otways

The Redwoods exudes a sort of magical aura concealed in the midst of the Otway forest that surrounds Apollo Bay. Though not native to the Great Ocean Road, The Californian Redwood trees surely complement its appeal.

Just follow the pleasant scent and easily get lost under these giants. You can reach this site by foot from the car park, though the roads around Beech Forest are not accessible for big vehicles or caravans.

5.  Marriners Lookout, Apollo Bay

In the foothills belonging to the lovely seaside village of Apollo Bay you'll find Marriners Lookout; it's an exceptional panoramic viewing point providing a wide view of the Great Ocean Road and its coastline.

Only a brief drive out of town, plus a quick walk to the site.

6.  The Razorback, 12 Apostles Coast

Once a lot bigger and linked to the mainland, the Razorback has suffered the fate of being carved back to only a small piece of limestone off the coast.

Very good for photography and a fantastic place to see the sunset, add this to your list of things to see. The walk starts at the Loch Ard Gorge car park.

7.  Lower Kalimna Falls, Lorne

Although Lower Kalimna Falls isn't the largest waterfall on the Great Ocean Road, it's definitely unusually unique. A big alcove lies beneath a rock ledge where the water trickles; you could enter the cave and even observe the falls from behind.

In order to visit this place, you'll have to hike three kilometers via the Otways bush.

8.  Griffiths Island Lighthouse Walk

The beautiful fishing village of Port Fairy offers a great reason to advance further down the Great Ocean Road. Griffiths Island is linked to the mainland through a causeway, which makes for a superb walk.

The photogenic lighthouse stands at the tip of the island. Here, you're likely to see wallabies and perhaps a Southern Right Whale out in the ocean during the months from June to October.

9.  Beauchamp Falls, Otways

The three-kilometer return hike to enjoy Beauchamp Falls is rather challenging but worth the trip.

You'll emerge from the rainforest to a little canyon with surrounding lush fems and huge gum trees; it's an adventure which gives you a true taste of nature.

10.  Point Addis, Anglesea

Point Addis happens to be a popular surf place among Torquay locals because of the waves and the massive surrounding cliffs. Go on the Koon Cultural Walk to experience the world-famous Great Ocean Road seascape.

Only a two-kilometer hike uphill to a worthy vantage point; it's a little challenging but getting to the top is certainly rewarding.

11.  Erskine Falls, Lorne

Only a few minutes from Lorne town, Erskine Falls is today a popular site to stop by for most exploring the Great Ocean Road.

One of the region's biggest waterfalls, it amounts to a spectacle. The stroll to the lookout or the hike down the staircase is all worth it in order to feel the mist strike your face and hair from the 35-meter drop.

12.  Childers Cove, Mepunga

Somewhat off-the-beaten-path, close to the ending of the Great Ocean Road lies a lesser known beach called Childers Cove.

If fortunate enough you may have this beach all to yourself. Come by on low tide for a remarkable sandy beach with stunning surrounding rock formations.

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8 Exciting Things to Do in Kakadu National Park

 Kakadu National Park

Kakadu National Park at a Glance

Located in Australia's Northern Territory, Kakadu National Park is a massive, biodiverse nature reserve with terrain ranging from wetlands, rivers to sandstone escarpments, and home to 2,000 plant species and wildlife like flatback turtles and saltwater crocodiles. Aboriginal rock paintings, which date as far back as prehistoric times, could be seen at places like Ubirr, Nourlangie, and Nanguluwur.

The park is famous for its rich Aboriginal cultural sites. For example, there are over 5,000 recorded art sites depicting Aboriginal culture throughout thousands of years. The archaeological evidence proves Aboriginal occupation for 20,000 and even up to 40,000 years. 

To learn what you can do while here, continue reading.

8 Exciting Things to Do in Kakadu National Park

1.  Watch the Sunrise/Sunset at Nourlangie Rock Viewpoint

Pack a snack and something to drink like water and go up to the Nourlangie Rock Viewpoint. It's one of the park's best places for stunning vistas across the landscape and for catching breathtaking sunrises and sunsets. Also, on your way up, you'll pass ancient rock art sites.

2.  Aboriginal Art at Ubirr

As one of the park's major rock art galleries, drop by Aboriginal Art at Ubirr and you'll admire ancient paintings, which makes the artwork itself one of the Earth's longest historical records maintained by a group of people.

3.  Swim at the Gunlom Plunge Pool

Made well-known because of the 1986 film Crocodile Dundee, the infinity-edge pool that sits atop falls offers great views in Australia. Plus, up here, you'll be provided with shaded picnic spots and campgrounds equipped with solar-powered showers.

4.  Moline Falls

Located off the beaten path, Moline Falls offers another lovely swimming place in the national park. Although the water is unusually clear at the bottom of the falls, the water is icy cold.

5.  Twin Falls and Jim Jim Falls

No trip to this park would be fully justified without visiting these extraordinary waterfalls. While the Twins pour over a 220-meter drop over the whole year, Jim Jim just flows after the wet season. Although these falls are not easy to reach, the views are truly rewarding.

6.  Hiking Trails

Kakadu National Park offers over 30 established walking trails. You can choose from short, easy strolls to more challenging multi-day hikes. Bring a lot of water and sunscreen as you wander past the rock art galleries, pass several pools and waterfalls.

7.  Yellow Waters Cruise

The sunset cruise on the Yellow Waters Billabong is one of the park's most popular activities. Why? Because you'll very likely catch crocodiles floating about, approximately 280 species of horses, snakes, buffalo, wallabies, birds, and more.

8.  Helicopter Tour

During peak season and wet season, several of the park's areas are shut off. For example, Jim Jim Falls are closed to visitors when it's at its peak prior to being checked for crocodiles.  So, the only way to observe it during peak season is via a helicopter tour. The tour gives you a bird's eye perspective and access to one of the park's best spots. Plus, you can cover far more ground than walking!

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Best 10 Reasons Why to Visit Bondi Beach

 Bondi Beach, Australia

Bondi Beach at a Glance

Bondi Beach is one of the most iconic beaches in Australia. It's famous for its dazzling ocean, immaculately white sands, consistent surf and seaside spirit. Even its carefree coastal lifestyle, boutique shops, cafe culture, and flourishing, diverse community is equally appealing.

Bondi Beach is several things to Australia and visitors arrive from all around the world to stroll, play, eat, surf, swim, and have a general fun time here. For Locals it's a source of pride and for tourists it's a must-stop destination. But what is it precisely that drives anyone to come so far from home to Bondi Beach?

Below you'll find 10 of the best reasons to visit this amazing place that'll have you yearning for lovely sandy beaches, stunning views, and refreshing hikes.

Best 10 Reasons Why to Visit Bondi Beach

Reason #1:  Surfing Paradise

Several surfers come to Bondi Beach to try their surfing skills at the waves due to its legendary breaks. But you do not need to be a pro. In fact, there are even booths situated on the beach to aid beginners and novices get their start. All you have to do is gaze out into the white waves to learn why surfing is one of Australia's most popular sports.

 

Reason #2:  Warm Weather Year-Round

On account of the dominantly warm weather prevailing in this niche of the world, Bondi Beach is open the entire year. For sure, summertime is naturally best for delighting in the whole range of water activities such as scuba diving, snorkeling, swimming, and surfing. Even in the winter months, you could ride the waves if you could handle the barely cooler temperature. An added bonus for coming by in the winter is a lot less crowded scene on the beach.

Reason #3:  Entertaining Beachside Festivals

The beach hosts annual cultural events and festivals, which are significant to learn far more about Australia and its people who reside here. There are many types of festivals and arriving when one of them is happening is definitely the treat.  

A few of the best known and more popular festivals are the following:

• Vans Bowl-A-Rama.  A tradition for nearly 30 years, this is a skateboarding contest which includes a 12-foot ramp. The best skateboarders come from all around the world to watch and also compete in this event.
• Festival of the Winds.  A family-oriented festival where folks come together to construct and fly kites.
• Bondi Winter Magic Festival.  In the wintertime from June through August months, this festival hosts ice skating, a big ferris wheel as well as one of the largest exciting runs in the world that draws more than 80,000 people annually.
• Sculptures By The Sea.  Designed as an open-air gallery, the festival features more than 100 various sculptures along the shoreline from October to November.

Reason #4:  Spectacular Scenery

Bondi Beach is famous for some of the world's most iconic vistas and watching a sunset or sunrise will not only make you appreciate but also endear you to this destination forever. Several of the hikes to nearby beaches from Bondi Beach have stunning views to look out for, too.

Reason #5:  Dining Options, Great Shopping, & Hotels

Here, you'll find several fine restaurants, shops, and hotels close to the beach having superb vistas of the ocean. The bar and food scene here is vibrant and exciting. The fashion boutiques dotting Gould Street have largely contributed in making Bondi Beach a favorite shopping destination. Each Saturday there's a farmer's market selling tasty produce, and each Sunday the Bondi Markets provide locally-made jewelry, home goods, and vintage clothing. You could also find other stuff from jewelry, food to music at these markets.

Reason #6:  Bondi Pavilion Theater

If you love culture, Bondi Pavilion offers it. This is a great place to watch art galleries, musical and theatrical performances. Explore the balcony to see an incredible sight of the beach.  You can even scan the pavilion's calendar of events to learn what's happening during your next visit.

Reason #7:  Bondi to Coogee Walk

A hiker's pleasure and a tourist's sightseeing dream, this particular cliff top coastal stroll, the Bondi to Coogee Walk continues for 3.7 miles within Sydney's eastern suburbs. The walk reveals incredible vistas, rock formations, cliffs, beaches, and parks.

There are a lot of sites to see, places to eat, and great stops to take a break and recharge before you resume to your next walk's destination. This is a very good way to catch several various sights and to experience the beautiful coastline.

Reason #8:  Visit the Bondi Icebergs Club

Open throughout the year, the world-renowned icebergs swimming club provides access to ocean-sourced lap pools that are a sight worth seeing if it's your first time. While you take a seat in the pool, the realization of noticing it going out into the endless ocean will stun you.

The sensation of submerging yourself in these famous pools as you delight in the sunshine and observe wave after wave roll past you is an astonishing experience that you won't soon forget. The icebergs' history is quite unique and the club is a fine place to lay back and absorb all the surroundings.

Reason #9:  Swimming & Surf Lessons

If you're ready for a swim, consider learning to surf. Bondi Beach is the ideal place to become a surfer, for you'll find groups as well as private lessons being given here at all skill levels. It has the world's oldest lifesaving club, eliminating the groundless fear of being in the ocean.

Reason #10:  Sun Soaking, Relaxing, and Socializing

There's a pleasant grassy knoll located on the north end of the beach where tourists and locals alike gather for barbecues and picnics.

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28 Fascinating Facts about the Sydney Opera House

 Sydney Opera House

Sydney Opera House at a Glance

The Sydney Opera House, located on the banks of Sydney Harbor, is considered as one of the most renowned and unique structures in the world and a 20th century architectural masterpiece. 

If further interested, learn more about the Sydney Opera House with my list of 28 fascinating facts.

28 Fascinating Facts about the Sydney Opera House

1.  Its construction was estimated to take only 4 years. But it soon grew quite obvious that it would take longer. It actually took 14 years to complete, with the help of more than 10,000 workers.

2.  The temperatures inside the building must be kept exactly at 22.5 degrees Celsius to make sure the instruments for the orchestra stay finely in tune.

3.  The opera house's design was initially an international competition where 233 designs were submitted. Jorn Utzon from Denmark won the contest and was awarded 5,000 pounds.

4.  Utzon became the main architect for the opera house's construction. But, in 1966 he resigned due to the local government ceasing to pay him. He never came back to the project.

5.  The present Queen Elizabeth ll of England opened the opera house on October 20, 1973.

6.  The project was initially budgeted to cost only $7 million to complete. However, it actually cost $102 million, of which the Australian Lottery mostly paid for.

7.  Its roof consists of 2,194 pre-cast roof sections totaling 15 tons each and covered in 1 million tiles created by the Swedish company Hoganas.

8.  Its cooling system uses seawater from the nearby harbor. It circulates the cold water taken from the harbor via pipes extending 35 kilometers, behaving as thermal fluid in the warming and cooling of the structure.

9.  Each year the opera house hosts around 3,000 events. The building is always in high use.

10.  Over 10 million people come through its halls every year.

11.  The opera house comprises 7 different venues and the biggest has 2,679 seats.

12.  The smallest room, called the Utzon room, has only 210 seats.

13.  The tallest roof point on the building is the same or similar height of a 22-story structure.

14.  Each year, 15,500 light bulbs are changed in order to keep the whole place lit properly.

15.  The opera house is home to 3 restaurants, a cafe, espresso bar, and bars in the opera and theater.

16.  The entire building is definitely massive. For example, the site itself could fit seven A380s lying wing to wing, and the structure has 1,000 rooms.

17.  The grand organ that sits in the Concert Hall is the world's largest mechanical organ. It consists of 10,154 pipes and took 10 years to build.

18.  Arnold Schwarzenegger won his very last Mr. Olympia title for bodybuilding in 1980 in the orchestra's halls.

19.  The opera house has more than 6,000 square meters of custom-made glass from France and 650 kilometers of cabling for electronics and electricity throughout.

20.  The structure received UNESCO World Heritage status in 2007, being described as a "great urban sculpture set in a remarkable waterscape, at the tip of a peninsula projecting into Sydney Harbour."

21.  Paul Robeson was the first person who performed inside the opera house's halls in 1960, before the construction was ever completed. The singer visited the workers during lunch break and sang Ol' Man River to them.

22.  Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth ll has graced Sydney Opera House 5 times.

23.  A net was installed over the orchestra area in the Opera Theater in the 1980s after Boris Godunov featured live chickens, one of them walked off the stage and landed on top of a cellist.

24.  The crime novel, Helga's Web, by author Jon Cleary, was set at Sydney Opera House with a body being found in the structure's basement. The book was turned into a movie called Scobie Malone, starring Jack Thompson.

25.  In May 2003, its chief architect Jorn Utzon received the famous Pritzker Prize -- the Nobel Prize of the architectural community.

26.  Because of the modifications done to the structure after Utzon abandoned the project in the year 1966, this will be the first ever only 100% genuine Utzon interior.

27.  It took over 8 months to make the new Utzon Room tapestry.

28.  If unwound, the wool in the Utzon Room tapestry, tribute to CPE Bach, would extend 4,500 kilometers.

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9 Great Reasons Why to Visit Fraser Island

 Fraser Island

Fraser Island at a Glance

Fraser Island lies along the southeastern coast in the Wide Bay--Burnett region, Queensland, Australia. Less than 200 actually reside here and half of them were itinerant residents living temporarily on the island.

Each year Fraser Island draws around 400,000 visitors. The island has it all. It's where adventure feels as rejuvenating as it does thrilling, with no WiFi, no sealed roads. Only nature and a ton of it.

Roam here and you'll be strolling into the land of the Butchalla people, who boast about 20,000 years of history on K'gari. 

That's only the start of why you should visit Fraser Island.

9 Great Reasons Why to Visit Fraser Island

1.  It's has World Heritage status

Do not take my word for it: Fraser Island's importance runs so deep that UNESCO has listed it as a World Heritage Site. The island is one of the world's most unique islands. This is largely due to its thriving beauty and wildlife and the only location on Earth where rainforest grows on sand dunes; where there are more than half of the world's perched freshwater dune lakes, and huge dunes which tower higher than the Sydney House. 

2.  It's the Earth's biggest sand island

Extending 123 kilometers in length and 22 kilometers wide off the Fraser Coast, Fraser Island measures as the largest sand island in the world. A bit further south, off the coast of Brisbane, Minjerribah and Moorgumpin clock in as two and three.

3.  Taking the off-road "path" is part of the adventure

Wild and rugged, Fraser Island is best experienced by 4WD along its beach roads and sandy inland tracks. In addition, it's one of Australia's best places to enjoy a beach camping trip. So work on your beach driving skills prior to coming here or learn from the pros when you're here.

If you do not have a 4DW, don't worry. There are many tours that will show you the natural attractions in day trips and multi-day adventures.

4.  There are countless places to take a dip

This may be an island, but the top swimming locations are situated off the beach because of the strong surf and currents which regularly strike the shores of the island.

Sink into the natural Jacuzzi which is Champagne Pools, absorb a little serenity floating down Eli Creek, or spend a couple of hours basking in the glittering surroundings of Lake McKenzie, which is only one of the hundreds of freshwater lakes located on the island.

With water this appealing, you'll dream up any excuse to jump in.

5.  It's a hiker's heaven

Although 4WD is the most favorite way to travel around here, hikers shall be more than pleased after putting on their boots. There are trails of all lengths, from short trails to day hikes leading through the ancient Valley of the Giants, Lake Wabby, Central Station and more. Or experience it all while taking the 90 kilometer Great Walk.

6.  It's the location for adventure

If you wish to pursue thrills and natural wonders, Fraser Island is your destination. From Jet Ski safaris and sailing trips to scenic flights and kayaking the island's wild side, there are many unique ways to explore every niche and corner.

7.  You'll spot a dingo

Although wildlife thrives on Fraser Island, the dingo is one of its most renowned residents. As cute as they appear, it's a very good idea to maintain your distance and they're protected here. 

8.  You'll see shipwrecks on the sand

No dive gear is necessary to admire this shipwreck: the S.S. Maheno beached in the island since 1935, and its rusting wreck makes for a fine stop along the sandy route.

9.  Visit the island during winter to watch whales play

From the months August to October, you could observe humpback whales nurture their playful calves in the island's protective waters. Although Hervey Bay on the mainland offers the biggest share of whale watching tours, you could yet board a wildlife cruise from the island. You can frequently spot blowholes and breaches from shore, too.

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9 Amazing Reasons to Visit Mauna Kea

 Mauna Kea

Mauna Kea at a Glance

Mauna Kea today is a dormant volcano that sits on the island of Hawaii. Peaking at 4,207.3 meters over sea level, it's the tallest point in Hawaii and the earth's second-tallest peak of an island. The peak is around 38 meters higher than Mauna Loa, which is a more massive nearby neighbor.

Situated in the north-central area of Hawaii's Big Island, Mauna Kea truly delivers an adventure of a lifetime. It's a majestic place full of contradictions but famous for its ocean-scape, fauna, and flora. This frequent snow-shrouded dormant volcano extends almost 14,000 feet into the sky, and the land on it, scrubby alpine meadows which give way to astonishing moon-rock landscapes, cannot appear more different than a marine paradise. However, this destination offers far more than just a stroll along the beach; it's where tradition and ancient culture meet modern research among one of the greatest backdrops imaginable.

Here's my list of amazing reasons why you ought to think of visiting Mauna Kea while going on the next Big Island exploration.

9 Amazing Reasons to Visit Mauna Kea

1.  It's One of the Most Sacred Places in Hawaii

Although Mauna Kea is spectacular by itself, towering nearly 14,000 feet into the air, this is a treasured spot for Native Hawaiians. In their creation traditions, the Sky Father and Earth Mother created the islands together. Mauna Kea was narrated as their first-born mountain child and is thought of as the center of the Big Island. Goddesses and gods were worshipped here, and evidence can yet be observed in the wooden and stone altars dotted along the mountainside.

Mauna Kea in addition serves as a burial ground, or cemetery, for notable high-ranking people such as chiefs and priests, and today religious ceremonies continue on the calm volcano.

Although not walled, bear in mind that Mauna Kea is in fact a sanctuary, and really one of Hawaii's most sacred spaces. So, take nothing, walk lightly, and, most of all, treat this area with the deepest respect that it deserves.

2.  You'll Be Walking in the Clouds

While making the 6-mile drive up to its visitor information center, you'll see the air grow clearly thinner. You're now at around 9,200 feet; it's highly recommended to pull over here for the sake of acclimating prior to continuing to the summit. There's a ton of information here educating you about Mauna Kea's scientific and cultural importance. Kind rangers and guides are nearby ready to answer your questions. You'll find souvenirs and snacks for sale at the center's shop.

As you proceed further up toward the summit, most likely you'll experience the similar odd, exhilarating sensation that many have had: it was astonishing to be going up the front of this natural wonder, and then realizing what you're firstly assumed was just fog was really feathery, floating clouds!

3.  See the Marvelous Transformation from Sand to Snow

It's a jaw-dropping experience that you could have breakfast on one of the beaches in the morning, enjoy the surf and sun, and in only many hours, you could find yourself in the center of a thoroughly different landscape, 1000s of feet over sea level, covered with fresh snow! As it diminishes during the summer months, it was completely prevalent in the wintertime. The experience from sand to snow rather dramatically fast is one of the high points which makes Mauna Kea so unique and significant. 

4.  The Hike is Unbelievable

Be well-informed: you must be tough and in fair physical shape to tackle Mauna Kia's hiking trail, that begins close to the Visitor Information Center. Also, know this hike is intended for seasoned hikers, for the back-woods-trail is 12 miles, including a 4,600-foot slow climb to the top. Take on either the 8, 9, or 10-hour challenge and you'll enjoy stunning landscapes, a fine view of Lake Waiau, and even a lifetime of boasting rights. However, be fully prepared: take a lot of water, sunscreen, and even fuel.

Bear in mind, it's very rude and offensive to Native Hawaiians to climb the whole way up to the peak of the summit. 

5.  Watching the Observatories

Several notable people in the scientific world regard Mauna Kea to be the best astronomical research site in the world. The mountain's high altitude together with peaceful, dry air and black skies, makes Mauna Kea the ideal spot to observe space clearly from Earth. From 1960s, a total of 13 observatories have been constructed here. Situated close to the summit, they add to that otherworldly feeling of Mauna Kea. 

6.  The White-Knuckle Drive

They say coming here is half the thrill. There's no manner of escaping this one: it's intense. But only consider doing it if the weather is especially fair and the path up there is ice and snow free. The partly paved road has a challenging steep grade, with many sudden turns, zero guardrails, and creepy traffic signs. That told, the drive up there and down, makes the summit for a memory you'll never forget. Ensure for safety's sake to take it slow driving up, and down, and always keep your eyes looking directly ahead.

7.  You'll Observe One of the Greatest Sunsets Anywhere

If you've arrived at the summit and the time is right, stay a bit longer. Way up there, you'll imagine as though you're seeing the sun set from the height of the world. Locals claim it's a great way to catch a memorable sky scene filled with blazing color.

8.  Gaze at the Sky at Night

Once it becomes dark, the show isn't over at Mauna Kea. Try to spend a little more time close to the Visitor's Information Center to catch more than a peek of an unbelievable night sky. Most probably you've never observed the stars exactly like this. For example, constellations are plainly observable, and telescopes set up by volunteers shall aid you see far more clearly. Just invest a few minutes gazing up at the glowing night sky and you'll understand why Mauna Kea is so important, scientifically as spiritually.

9.  Mauna Kea Beach

Located behind the Mauna Kea Hotel, the white sandy beach is perfect for several beach activities from swimming, boogie boarding, beach walking, to name a few. It's not overcrowded, so there's plenty of room.

Now, you can carve out some time to relax under the warm sun and enjoy the peaceful waters. Snorkel out and observe colorful tropical fish. If the waves are high enough, this sheltered area is an ideal site to brush up on your surfing skills.

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9 Top Exciting Things to Do in Haleakala National Park

 Haleakala National Park

Haleakala National Park at a Glance

Haleakala National Park, located on the Maui Island, in Hawaii, is home to the endangered Hawaiian geese and dormant Haleakala Volcano. The steep crater overlooks the Kalahaku and Leleiki..Road offers vistas across the West Maui Mountains. Find waterfalls and freshwater pools amid bamboo forest. Admire cinder cones and lava flows while taking rugged trails in the Summit District.

9 Top Exciting Things to Do in Haleakala National Park

1.  Observe the Sunrise/Sunset

This happens to be a most popular activity with many visitors. Why? Imagine seeing the sun put on a show of dancing over the landscape with vibrant colors.

Though most people choose to watch the sunrise, the sunset is quite as nice, if not nicer.

Also, you must decide whether to go independent to the summit or book a tour. If you opt to come without a tour, arm yourself with the Haleakala sunrise and sunset times. The "sun show" won't disappoint.

2.  Hiking

Haleakala's summit trails offer from easy scenic walks to more adventurous hikes for hardcore explorers. For example, Sliding Sands Trail is a wonderful hike, and though not intended for inexperienced hikers, the vistas are stunning and unmatched.

If you are out for beautiful scenery but do not want such a physically demanding hike, try the Supply Trail or Hosmer Grove Loop Trail. You'll love green vegetation, pine, eucalyptus, and cedar trees.

 

Whichever trail you take, bear in mind that this park is a landscape constantly changing and conditions could be unpredictable. Thus, do not forget to take snacks, water, and other hiking necessities. Put on warm clothes, bring sunscreen, a hiking pole, and always proceed well rested. 

3.  Skywatching

Covering from sunset, sunrise, stargazing, and more in between, skywatching during your trip on the Haleakala summit is the ideal activity for all visitors.

On your climb up the summit, halt at any of the several overlooks throughout the path to the peak, walk a little away from the crowded places, and admire as the clouds shape before you. In several locations, the visual horizon is as many as 115 miles out to sea. 

Do not worry about cloudy conditions., for even cloudy skies offer a ton of amazing vistas from moonbows, rainbows to halos around one's own shadow.  

If you are going to the summit during the night, know the sky conditions are spectacular for identifying planets, stars, and moons. Get a star map at the Haleakala Visitor Center and map out the perfect nightly sky trip.

4.  Cycling

Only being present in Haleakala is a real treat, but is your idea of a thrill more like riding down Haleakala on a bicycle? You can either rent a bike or just book a Haleakala bicycle tour to descend the 21 switchbacks on the western slopes of the mountain. Enjoy the thrills, extraordinary scenery, elevation shift, and the close and personal manner to appreciate the House of the Sun. 

5.  Horseback Riding

Cowboys and Hawaii might not appear in your mind, but any trip to Upcountry Maui says you're in the landscape of the Paniolo, or Hawaiian cowboy. Even if you might not be an experienced rider, you'll definitely love your majestic host carrying you through the winding trails to take in incredible sights of the rolling hills, coastline, and the pretty fauna and flora that surround you. Horseback riding allows you to breathe the fresh air, create lifetime memories, and make friends with a four-legged animal.

6.  Ziplining

Now you can see the sights as you soar above the treetops. A Haleakala Zipline Tour is just unrivaled in adrenaline and pure pleasure. Best of all, ziplining Haleakala is a fantastic activity for the whole family. 

And if you consider zipping is exciting, mix things up a little with a Haleakala Bike n' Zip Combo Tour which will have you observing the famed Haleakala sunrise, thundering down the mountain on a bicycle, and then zipping like a real pro. 

Whether you're an experienced zipper or a beginner, nothing's better than exploring the lovely lands of Upcountry Maui on a thrilling zipline adventure.

7.  Touring by Helicopter

The valley Isle of Maui keeps a number of her gems somewhat concealed. With numerous distant areas, moonlike landscapes, deep valleys, lava flows, and much more, observing all this during a single tour is humanly impossible. 

Unless you board a helicopter via the Hana Haleakala Helicopter Tour. Just sit back and enjoy a great view of many sights from the towering cinder cones to the lava flowing, lush Hana rainforest, coastline waterfalls to taro fields. A helicopter tour of the Kipahulu region and Haleakala summit is a fun adventure you won't forget soon.

8.  Camping

Haleakala is the ideal place to camp as well as explore as you wish. While in the summit area, hikers could enjoy 2 wilderness campsites: Paliku, situated around 9.3 miles along Sliding Sands Trail; and Holua, situated around 3.7 miles down the Halemauu Trail. Bear in mind that weather may change very rapidly at these higher altitudes, so be fully prepared. 

If you are not so physically inclined, go to one of the park's two drive-up campsites: Hosmer Grove Campground, located below the Haleakala cloud belt within the summit area; Kipahulu Campground, situated along the back side of the park. 

Whether you decide to drive in or hike in, camping in Haleakala is a really special experience.

9.  Spotting Endangered Species

A high 80% of Haleakala National Park is federally designated as wilderness and houses not only some of Hawaii's but the rarest animals and plants in the world. In actuality, the park is home to more endangered species than any other national park.

Do not miss seeing the Hawaii silverswords, which is a truly unique plant that could take up to fifty years to bloom only once and then dies. You might also catch sight of the state bird, the nene, or Hawaiian goose. Using a Maui Haleakala Tour is a great way to find these rare species and learn about their unique qualities. Only remember: Never stray from marked trails, never feed wildlife, and respectfully treat all Haleakala's residents. 

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6 Top Popular Activities to Do Near Hanauma Bay

 Hanauma Bay Nature Preserve

Hanauma Bay at a Glance

Hanauma is a marine embayment created inside a tuff circle and lies along the southeast coast of Oahu in East Honolulu. It's one of Hawaii's most popular destinations for tourists.

6 Top Popular Activities to Do Near Hanauma Bay

1.  Hike

Fitness freaks love the Koko Head Hike. There, you'll be climbing up some stairs transformed from a former railway line, which makes it somewhat challenging!

The hiking trail lies only across the street from Hanauma Bay. It can be ideal to begin this hike in the morning, and next recover with either swimming or snorkeling. If you're using the bus, know that you can always rent snorkel gear at Hanauma Bay, and carry your beach stuff in a backpack.

2.  Whale Watching

The Makapuu Lighthouse Trail is another hiking trail close to Hanauma Bay. If you're visiting Oahu during whale season, consider whale watching. It's a coastal trail where whale sightings are quite common. Although it may not be whale season, it's still worth a visit due to those coastal vistas.

This is a mere 10-minute drive from Hanauma Bay. The bus stop that you come off at for this trail happens also to be just a 10-minute bus ride. From the bus stop, it's around a 15-minute stroll to the beginning of the trail.

3.  Beach

If you're renting a boogie board on Oahu, know that Makapuu Beach can be a perfect spot to surf some great waves.

This is between 10 to 15 minute drive from Hanauma Bay. The bus travel time is similar, except considering the bus wait time. When you get off the bus, it's around a 5-minute walk across the street to reach the beach.

This beach lies across the street from Sea Life Park, which is yet another thing you might consider doing later.

4.  Sea Life Park

Sea Life Park is a marine mammal park, bird sanctuary and aquarium located in Waimanalo, north of Hanauma Bay. Here, the park offers the unique opportunity to interact with exotic sea animals.

5.  Hanauma Bay Snorkeling

If you're seriously thinking of snorkeling at Hanauma Bay, here is a must-have list of items to pack for this adventure: a standard snorkel set; a special case for taking underwater pictures; a special pouch for taking your valuables while underwater; UV protection shirts to wear so the strong tropical sun rays won't fry you in the water; beach shoes to protect your feet from sharp rocks concealed under the sand; an open-air beach bag to begin the drying of your beach gear after completing your snorkeling adventure.

6.  Eateries Near Hanauma Bay

The Koko Marina Center is located only down the road from Hanauma Bay. So, chances are you'll be passing by it on your route to Hanauma Bay if you're driving from Waikiki.

It's around a 20-minute walk, and it's a 5-minute drive. Or you can always wait for the bus to get you down the road.

There are a couple of different restaurants at this shopping center.

If you want a sample of Hawaiian food, consider a poke bowl at the Paina Cafe.

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